diff --git a/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/__tests__/annotations.spec.ts b/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/__tests__/annotations.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4081580f993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/__tests__/annotations.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import { parseJSONAnnotation, parseJSONArrayAnnotation } from '../annotations';
+
+describe('parseJSONAnnotation', () => {
+  it('should parse valid JSON', () => {
+    const annotations = { key: '["a","b"]' };
+    expect(parseJSONAnnotation(annotations, 'key')).toEqual(['a', 'b']);
+  });
+
+  it('should return defaultReturn when annotation is missing', () => {
+    expect(parseJSONAnnotation({}, 'missing', undefined, [])).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('should return defaultReturn on invalid JSON and call onError', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONAnnotation({ key: '{bad' }, 'key', onError, 'fallback')).toBe('fallback');
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return undefined when annotation is missing and no default', () => {
+    expect(parseJSONAnnotation({}, 'missing')).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('parseJSONArrayAnnotation', () => {
+  it('should return parsed array for valid JSON array of strings', () => {
+    const annotations = { key: '["a","b","c"]' };
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation(annotations, 'key')).toEqual(['a', 'b', 'c']);
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when annotation is missing', () => {
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({}, 'missing')).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when annotations is null', () => {
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation(null, 'key')).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array for invalid JSON and call onError', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '{bad json' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when parsed value is a string, not an array', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '"just a string"' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when parsed value is an object, not an array', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '{"a":"b"}' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when parsed value is a number', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '42' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array when array contains non-string elements', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '[1, 2, 3]' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array for mixed array', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '["a", 1, "b"]' }, 'key', onError)).toEqual([]);
+    expect(onError).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('should return empty array for empty string annotation', () => {
+    expect(parseJSONArrayAnnotation({ key: '' }, 'key')).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('should not call onError when annotation is simply missing', () => {
+    const onError = jest.fn();
+    parseJSONArrayAnnotation({}, 'missing', onError);
+    expect(onError).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/annotations.ts b/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/annotations.ts
index 019b22221b5..da09ee984ed 100644
--- a/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/annotations.ts
+++ b/frontend/packages/console-shared/src/utils/annotations.ts
@@ -15,3 +15,27 @@ export const parseJSONAnnotation = (
     return defaultReturn;
   }
 };
+
+/**
+ * Safely parse a JSON annotation that is expected to contain an array of strings.
+ * Returns an empty array if the annotation is missing, malformed, or not an array of strings.
+ */
+export const parseJSONArrayAnnotation = (
+  annotations: ObjectMetadata['annotations'],
+  annotationKey: string,
+  onError?: (err: Error) => void,
+): string[] => {
+  const parsed = parseJSONAnnotation(annotations, annotationKey, onError);
+  if (!Array.isArray(parsed) || parsed.some((item) => typeof item !== 'string')) {
+    if (parsed != null) {
+      const error = new Error(
+        `Expected annotation "${annotationKey}" to be an array of strings, got ${typeof parsed}`,
+      );
+      onError?.(error);
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+      console.warn(error.message);
+    }
+    return [];
+  }
+  return parsed;
+};
diff --git a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/index.tsx b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/index.tsx
index ff6808b4487..272f62b69ce 100644
--- a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/index.tsx
+++ b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/index.tsx
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ export const defaultChannelFor = (packageManifest: PackageManifestKind) => {
 export const defaultChannelNameFor = (pkg: PackageManifestKind) =>
   pkg.status.defaultChannel || pkg?.status?.channels?.[0]?.name;
 export const installModesFor = (pkg: PackageManifestKind) => (channel: string) =>
-  pkg.status.channels.find((ch) => ch.name === channel)?.currentCSVDesc?.installModes || [];
+  pkg?.status?.channels?.find((ch) => ch.name === channel)?.currentCSVDesc?.installModes ?? [];
 export const supportedInstallModesFor = (pkg: PackageManifestKind) => (channel: string) =>
   installModesFor(pkg)(channel).filter(({ supported }) => supported);
 
diff --git a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/operator-hub/operator-hub-page.tsx b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/operator-hub/operator-hub-page.tsx
index 5a52ccea0ce..9b7c835718b 100644
--- a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/operator-hub/operator-hub-page.tsx
+++ b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/components/operator-hub/operator-hub-page.tsx
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
 import { fromRequirements } from '@console/internal/module/k8s/selector';
 import { isCatalogTypeEnabled, useIsDeveloperCatalogEnabled } from '@console/shared';
 import { ErrorBoundaryFallbackPage, withFallback } from '@console/shared/src/components/error';
-import { parseJSONAnnotation } from '@console/shared/src/utils/annotations';
+import { parseJSONArrayAnnotation } from '@console/shared/src/utils/annotations';
 import { iconFor } from '..';
 import {
   CloudCredentialModel,
@@ -119,10 +119,10 @@ export const OperatorHubList: React.FC<OperatorHubListProps> = ({
             currentCSVDesc?.annotations ?? {};
           const [parsedInfraFeatures, validSubscription] = ANNOTATIONS_WITH_JSON.map(
             (annotationKey) =>
-              parseJSONAnnotation(currentCSVAnnotations, annotationKey, () =>
+              parseJSONArrayAnnotation(currentCSVAnnotations, annotationKey, () =>
                 // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
                 console.warn(`Error parsing annotation in PackageManifest ${pkg.metadata.name}`),
-              ) ?? [],
+              ),
           );
 
           const validSubscriptionFilters = validSubscription.reduce(
diff --git a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/utils.ts b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/utils.ts
index 41dbe4b5dd5..e810d8bb901 100644
--- a/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/utils.ts
+++ b/frontend/packages/operator-lifecycle-manager/src/utils.ts
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import { ObjectMetadata } from '@console/internal/module/k8s';
-import { parseJSONAnnotation } from '@console/shared/src/utils/annotations';
+import { parseJSONArrayAnnotation } from '@console/shared/src/utils/annotations';
 import { INTERNAL_OBJECTS_ANNOTATION, OPERATOR_PLUGINS_ANNOTATION } from './const';
 import { SubscriptionKind, SubscriptionState } from './types';
 
 export const getClusterServiceVersionPlugins = (
   annotations: ObjectMetadata['annotations'],
-): string[] => parseJSONAnnotation(annotations, OPERATOR_PLUGINS_ANNOTATION) ?? [];
+): string[] => parseJSONArrayAnnotation(annotations, OPERATOR_PLUGINS_ANNOTATION);
 
 export const getInternalObjects = (annotations: ObjectMetadata['annotations']): string[] =>
-  parseJSONAnnotation(annotations, INTERNAL_OBJECTS_ANNOTATION) ?? [];
+  parseJSONArrayAnnotation(annotations, INTERNAL_OBJECTS_ANNOTATION);
 
 export const isCatalogSourceTrusted = (catalogSource: string): boolean =>
   catalogSource === 'redhat-operators';