Force the use of Debian Bookworm

[Quetzacoalt91]

Questions	Answers
Description?	Pin the base version of Debian on Bookworm, until we find a fix for the mysql-default-client to work with the database containers we use.
Type?	bug fix
BC breaks?	Yes, we rollback to a previous version of Debian on all images running PHP 8.1+
Deprecations?	Nope
Fixed ticket?	Fixes PrestaShop/PrestaShop#39435
Sponsor company	@PrestaShopCorp
How to test?	Running PrestaShop with PS_INSTALL_AUTO=1 must completes (ATM it waits indefinitely for MySQL server to start). See https://github.com/Quetzacoalt91/docker/actions/runs/17400947007 to confirm the build of base images works.

PHP 8.0 is not impacted

$ docker run --rm -ti --entrypoint=bash php:8.0-fpm
Unable to find image 'php:8.0-fpm' locally
8.0-fpm: Pulling from library/php
[...]
a4550c4cc3fd: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:b07b8df17506cdb370945d942c5f12356af2d078005ded8b195f7e17129de9d1
Status: Downloaded newer image for php:8.0-fpm
root@9b10ade01db6:/var/www/html# cat /etc/os-release 
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="11"
VERSION="11 (bullseye)"
VERSION_CODENAME=bullseye
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"

$ docker run --rm -ti --entrypoint=bash php:8.1-fpm
Unable to find image 'php:8.1-fpm' locally
8.1-fpm: Pulling from library/php
[...]
1c4ff232b9a1: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:44b629dbd8e3d57ca46e8909ae5398445e2a884b4c4a974ba6cec72efe534a0c
Status: Downloaded newer image for php:8.1-fpm
root@60f738e03e66:/var/www/html# cat /etc/os-release 
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="13"
VERSION="13 (trixie)"
VERSION_CODENAME=trixie
DEBIAN_VERSION_FULL=13.0
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"